ABSTRACT
Introduction: Adopting diabetes self-care behaviors to control blood glucose is essential, but adherence to them has been challenged due to restrictions related to Covid-19. These restrictions have negatively impacted the psychosocial condition of individuals with diabetes, which could lead to poor self-care. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals with type 2 diabetes regarding self-care behaviors and diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material(s) and Method(s): This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis, the data of which were collected through interviews with people over 18 years of age with type 2 diabetes who were selected from the Endocrinology Clinic of Erfan Hospital in Tehran. Using telephone and WhatsApp, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants (15 women). Content analysis was done using the constant comparative method, and the open and axial coding method was applied. The data were manually coded, and the main themes and categories emerged from data. Result(s): Two main themes emerged from the data: 1) challenges and limitations toward diabetes self-care and 2) facilitators of efficient self-care. Challenges and limitations included 4 sub-themes: Inevitable lifestyle changes, psychosocial problems, limited/lack of access to health care services and medication, and adverse physical effects. Facilitators had 2 sub-themes: improved individual capability and maintaining social interaction. Conclusion(s): Our findings indicated that inevitable lifestyle changes, limited access to health care, and adverse psychosocial consequences were the most critical challenges for diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Improving stress management skills and effective coping strategies can facilitate the adoption of self-care behaviors.Copyright © 2022, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Adopting diabetes self-care behaviors to control blood glucose is essential, but adherence to them has been challenged due to restrictions related to Covid-19. These restrictions have negatively impacted the psychosocial condition of individuals with diabetes, which could lead to poor self-care. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals with type 2 diabetes regarding self-care behaviors and diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material(s) and Method(s): This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis, the data of which were collected through interviews with people over 18 years of age with type 2 diabetes who were selected from the Endocrinology Clinic of Erfan Hospital in Tehran. Using telephone and WhatsApp, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants (15 women). Content analysis was done using the constant comparative method, and the open and axial coding method was applied. The data were manually coded, and the main themes and categories emerged from data. Result(s): Two main themes emerged from the data: 1) challenges and limitations toward diabetes self-care and 2) facilitators of efficient self-care. Challenges and limitations included 4 sub-themes: Inevitable lifestyle changes, psychosocial problems, limited/lack of access to health care services and medication, and adverse physical effects. Facilitators had 2 sub-themes: improved individual capability and maintaining social interaction. Conclusion(s): Our findings indicated that inevitable lifestyle changes, limited access to health care, and adverse psychosocial consequences were the most critical challenges for diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Improving stress management skills and effective coping strategies can facilitate the adoption of self-care behaviors.Copyright © 2022, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: Nurses who are occupied in emergency departments play a critical role in health services provision and patient care. Considering the importance of providing appropriate and immediate care in emergency departments, nurses need to acquire sufficient skills and up-to-date knowledge. Objective(s): This study aimed to identify the educational needs of nurses working in the emergency department and explore strategies to meet challenges against the elimination of these needs. Method(s): This qualitative study was conducted using a content analysis approach. This study selected the emergency departments of two large educational hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, southern Iran. This study was conducted on 15 emergency department nurses selected via purposive sampling with maximum variation within January 2020 and March 2021.The data were collected by performing 15 in-depth, semi-structured interviews (11 face-to-face and 4 telephone interviews due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic) and making field notes. Then, the recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the qualitative content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ) was used to report the findings of this study. Result(s): Three main themes, namely the need for comprehensive and continuous education, challenges of managing educational needs, and strategies to meet educational needs, were extracted following data analysis. Conclusion(s): Clarifying the educational needs of nurses and exploring strategies to solve these challenges can be effective by providing continuous practical training and adopting effective teaching-learning strategies to promote nurses' education and improve their performance in clinical skills. Accordingly, the provision of appropriate infrastructure for mobile health applications and utilization of mobile-based educational applications in emergency departments have to be taken into account by hospital managers and health policymakers.Copyright © 2023, Author(s).
ABSTRACT
This study systematically investigated vital signs, cardiovascular problems and level of consciousness in patients with infectious and non-infectious diseases. Respiratory viruses are a serious threat to the health security of people internationally and can lead to global epidemics with high mortality and financial burden for treatment. An example of these viruses that have always brought many challenges are coronaviruses. There are several reasons for this. Heart cells have angiotensin-converting-2 (ACE-2) receptors at the point where the coronavirus attaches to cells. Heart damage can also be caused by too much inflammation in the body. As the immune system fights the virus, the inflammatory process can damage some healthy tissues, including the heart. The coronavirus also affects the inner surfaces of blood vessels, which can cause inflammation of blood vessels, damage to very small vessels, and blood clots. All of these can compromise blood flow to the heart or other parts of the body. Severe covid-19 is a disease that affects endothelial cells, which form the inner lining of blood vessels. Many symptoms have been reported in the post-Covid-19 period and there are several reasons for these symptoms. Severe fatigue after infection with the corona virus is common like other serious diseases. Many people experience shortness of breath, chest pain or palpitations. Any of these problems can be related to the heart. But it can also be due to other factors, including the consequences of a long-term illness, prolonged inactivity, and weeks of bed rest for recovery. People who recover from the coronavirus sometimes show symptoms of a condition known as standing orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Researchers are discovering whether or not there is a connection between this disease and the corona virus. Standing orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is not a heart problem per se, but a neurological problem that affects the part of the nervous system that regulates heart rate and blood flow. This syndrome can cause a rapid heartbeat when standing which can lead to fatigue, palpitations, lightheadedness and other symptoms.
ABSTRACT
Background and aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular disease and COVID-19. Method: In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, all English-language full-text articles published in international databases that listed the words COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, patients with COVID-19, Cardiovascular in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct databases, Embase were reviewed between January 2019 and May 2022. Data analysis was performed using STATA.V16 software. Result: According to result Patients with cardiovascular disease are directly related to the progression of Covid-19 disease 1.07 (OR;95% CI 0.89 to 1.26;p=0.00). Mortality rate is directly related to cardiovascular disease and in these patients the mortality rate is higher (OR;95% CI 0.57 to 1.17;p=0.00). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that patients with cardiovascular disease are associated with an increased risk of Covid-19 disease severity and death.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to identify structural relationships between factors affecting domestic tourism intentions in Iran under COVID-19 conditions, taking into account the importance of behavioral intention in predicting behavior. Therefore, it adds to the emerging body of knowledge about travel intentions during the pandemic. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze 383 online questionnaires, which revealed a positive impact of "frequency of past travel" and a negative effect of "Covid-19 risk knowledge," "perceived risk," and "risk aversion attitudes" on "travel intentions." Furthermore, "perceived risk" and "risk aversion attitudes" mediated the relationship between "frequency of past travel" and "Covid-19 risk knowledge" with "travel intentions." Meanwhile, "socio-demographic variables" and "travel purposes" moderated the relationships between "risk aversion attitudes" and "travel intentions" and between "perceived risks" and "travel intentions." The findings enable tourism policy-makers, marketers, and businesses to take purposeful measures to recover domestic tourism.
ABSTRACT
In 2020, COVID-19 became one of the most critical concerns in the world. This topic is even still widely discussed on all social networks. Each day, many users publish millions of tweets and comments around this subject, implicitly showing the public's ideas and points of view regarding this subject. In this regard, to extract the public's point of view in various countries at the early stages of this outbreak, a dataset of Coronavirus-related tweets in the English language has been collected, which consists of more than two million tweets starting from 23 March until 23 June 2020. To this end, we first use a lexicon-based approach with the GeoNames geographic database to label each tweet with its location. Next, a method based on the recently introduced and widely cited Roberta model is proposed to analyse each tweet's sentiment. Afterwards, some analysis showing the frequency of the tweets and their sentiments is reported for each country and the world as a whole. We mainly focus on the countries with Coronavirus as a hot topic. Graph analysis shows that the frequency of the tweets for most countries is significantly correlated with the official daily statistics of COVID-19. We also discuss some other extracted knowledge that was implicit in the tweets. © 2022 World Scientific Publishing Co.
ABSTRACT
With the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus, the activity of users on Twitter has significantly increased. Some studies have investigated the hot topics of tweets in this period;however, little attention has been paid to presenting and analyzing the spatial and temporal trends of Covid-19 topics. In this study, we use the topic modeling method to extract global topics during the nationwide quarantine periods (March 23 to June 23, 2020) on Covid-19 tweets. We implement the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm to extract the topics and then name them with the "reopening", "death cases", "telecommuting", "protests", "anger expression", "masking", "medication", "social distance", "second wave", and "peak of the disease"titles. We additionally analyze temporal trends of the topics for the whole world and four countries. By analyzing the graphs, fascinating results are obtained from altering users' focus on topics over time. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: The Covid-19 prevalence can threaten self-care behaviors and disease control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) through increasing anxiety and stress levels and limited access to medical services. This study was conducted to investigate the association of the Covid-19 pandemic with self-care behaviors in patients with T2D.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: The Covid-19 prevalence can threaten self-care behaviors and disease control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) through increasing anxiety and stress levels and limited access to medical services. This study was conducted to investigate the association of the Covid-19 pandemic with self-care behaviors in patients with T2D. Methods: The present study was conducted on 318 adults with T2D who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) between 1397 and 1399 and completed the summary of diabetes self-care activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. Data on self-care activities during the Covid-19 pandemic were collected 3-4 months after the announcement of the epidemic in the country via telephone calls. For data analysis, a multiple linear regression model and paired t-test were used. Results: The mean total scores of self-care behaviors were 49.7±14.8 and 56.1±13.1 before and after the Covid-19 pandemic, respectively (P<0.001). After the Covid-19 pandemic, women's total self-care score increased with an increase in the diabetes duration (β= 0.31, P= 0.020) after adjusting for the aforementioned related conditions. This score showed a significant decrease in women with a high school education compared to those with higher education (β=-6.57, P= 0.024). Moreover, the diet and foot care subscales in both sexes and the blood glucose testing score in women were significantly higher after versus before the pandemic. Conclusion: Following the Covid-19 pandemic, self-care behaviors, especially those related to diet, foot care, and blood glucose testing, improved in the short term. © 2021 The Authors.